Three essays on development economics and health indicators

This thesis consists of three essays. The first chapter which is titled as "Micro Data Analysis on Women's Health and Access to Health Services in Turkey" provides an econometric approach. In the first part, it is aimed to estimate the socio-economic and demographic factors that are estimated to be effective in improving women's health behaviors and accessing health services in Turkey by using the 2016 Health Research Micro Data Set of the Turkish Statistical Institute. In the study a logistic regression model was preferred and the data of 2016 were analyzed, 5 variables were used: general health status, disease health status, depression as a chronic disease, depression, and, mammography/breast x-ray. The findings obtained from the logistic regression approach show that individuals' access to health insurance, education levels, and smoking behaviors have an impact on women's well-being. The second chapter is titled as "Chronic Diseases, Economic Factors and Access to Health Services: Micro Data Analysis". In this study, using the Health Research Micro Data Set provided by the Turkish Statistical Institute, various socio-economic factors that are estimated to have a potential impact on chronic diseases and the impact of access to health services were analyzed. Eight chronic diseases, including asthma, coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, allergies, kidney and liver diseases, were analyzed using the least squares method. The findings show that indicators such as individuals' income level and body mass index, especially the financing type of health services, have an impact on having chronic diseases. The third chapter is titled as "E-Commerce Activities and Economic Impact Analysis of E-Commerce During the Covid-19 Pandemic Process: An Assessment on Turkiye". Covid-19, which emerged as a health crisis and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, quickly turned into a global public health crisis. As a precaution, it is observed that there have been significant increases in e-commerce transaction volumes with the implementation of curfews in many countries in order to minimize the risk of contact and transmission. The increase in e-commerce activities seen in many country economies has brought causality studies between consumer behavior and e-commerce activities to the agenda. This study has two main objectives. The first aim is to examine the impact of the health crisis on e-commerce activities. The second aim is to analyze the economic impact of e-commerce. According to the results, a positive relationship was observed between the Covid-19 outbreak and e-commerce transaction volumes, and in terms of the economy, this affected unemployment rates, growth indicators and price levels.