توظيف الفيزياء في البحوث الكلامية بين التفتازاني والطائيدراسة مقارنة

This scientific research seeks to find an answer to those questions that arise in the light of scientific progress in nature studies, such as: What approach did the early Muslims follow in employing natural science in kalam research? What is the position of contemporary Muslims on employing natural science in kalam research, and what is their approach to that? How feasible is the use of naturalism in our time in light of the great advances in physics and in kalam? These questions are the issue of this research. And the research seeks to answer these questions by studying models of two personalities interested in these issues. By shedding light on the reality of the relationship between naturalism and the origins of religion, and comparing these approaches with each other through applied examples, to find that the pioneers - through Taftazani - set off with the wings of reason and experimentation; they defined reason by its awareness and processes of work within the boundaries of the decided sharia absolutes, and their definition of experimentation relied on the latest knowledge that was delivered to them. Their approach was based on criticism; accepting what is agreed upon and rejecting what is disputed, be it philosophical knowledge or natural knowledge. As for those who came later – through Al-Tai and no other – this research found that Al-Tai's opinion is that the continued attempt to prove major religious beliefs with intellectual and natural evidence is futile, and that it was appropriate for a certain period in the past but it is not appropriate now. Additionally, scholars today should benefit from the view of former Kalam scholars in their attempts to explain natural phenomena or physical laws and try to employ that to explain contemporary physical phenomena and discoveries. Keywords: Employment - Physics - Kalam - Taftazani – Al Tai.