Environmental and biological effects on bone dansitometry

In this study, to find out biological and environmental factors effecting the bone density in Kütahya, bone densitometry of 113 subjects, whose ages change between 40-82 and average age is 55,3 , are measured by means of DEXA machine. After the measurements, BMD ( bone mineral density) and BMI (body mass index) of the subjects are measured. The subjects are asked for filling questionaire of 64 items to determine family history and autobiography, physical characteristics, diet and dietary habits, exercise,physical activities and birth history of the them. Regarding the bone mineral density, the subjects are divided into three groups which are normal, ostepenia and osteoporosis. It is found out that menstruation irregularity is at high rate in the normal (52,8%) and osteopenia group(46,6 %) and similary contraceptive pills are used mostly by the normal and ostepenia group. The activity level of the subjects is found out as low. When the autobiography and family history of the subjects are regarded, these results are found: most of them are housewife and they have had primary education. Rheumatismal diseases, hypertension, long-term drug and corticosteroid use are observed in the group of the osteoporosis. While more than half of our subjects who preferred rural life have osteoporosis, the subjects who preferred urban life have normal bone density. When the physical characteristics of the subjects compared, it has been discovered that the osteoporosis and the osteopenia group are older and have more aches than the normal group. Additionally, the normal group is observed as being taller than the other groups. Especially in the osteoporosis group more than three centimeters height loss is observed. No significant difference is found in terms of dietary habits and lifestyle but age. In conclusion, regarding the subjects measured, each three groups have similar environmental and biological factors. Bone density differences stem from age factor among the groups. There has been a need for studies about the effects of environmental and biological factors on bone densities of women who lives in different regions and cultures. Key words: Dietary habits, exercise, physical activity, BMD, age, lifestyle.