Urban renewal or urban transformation? İstanbul- Gaziosmanpaşa example

dThe sedentary life of the history of humanity brought the city phenomenon with it, and the cities that started to form led to the emergence of urbanization. In line with the changing and developing needs over time, the cities that were formed and experienced natural disasters, wars, etc. It needed change, development, and renewal with the effect of the circumstances. While urban renewal movements were carried out only in areas that were worn out and did not allow life to continue, over time, it began to be seen in areas where active life continued. The first renovation and transformation studies in the historical literature are encountered in the post-World War II period. The works that continued as a renovation in the world until recently, functional changes were made in the old buildings to support the recreational activities in line with the needs in the recent past and the first examples of the transformation studies were seen. Over time, the main concept, renewal, has become a sub-title of transformation and has been named as if it is a type of transformation activity. When it comes to Turkey specifically, our country's acquaintance with the concept of urban transformation was after the 1999 Marmara earthquake. However, the real urban transformation process started with the "Law on Transformation of Areas Under Disaster Risk", numbered 6306, which came into force after the earthquake in Van in 2011. When the projects implemented after the law that came into force are examined, it can be observed that most of them are renovation projects. However, when the law is examined, it is seen that it contains decisions about spatial renewal, not spatial transformation. When the scale of Gaziosmanpaşa was reached, the urban transformation process in the district started with the renovation works carried out in the regions declared as GÖB with the decision of the City Council before the enactment of the Law No. 6306. After 2011, risky area announcements were made based on the Law No. 6306. After 2011, risky area announcements were made based on the Law No. 6306. When the projects that have been implemented and under construction during the GÖB process and the Risky Area process are observed, it is seen that all the projects are renovation projects but are introduced under the name of transformation. The ongoing process in the Gaziosmanpaşa district took a long time due to the negativities and the trust of the citizens living in the district was shaken. Different solutions have been sought since 2019 to eliminate the grievances of the beneficiaries who have been evicted from their homes for many years and received rental assistance, but there are also problems in the ongoing reconciliation processes due to the wrong information given in the past about the process and the work done. As a result, to get accurate and fast results at micro or macro scale, the confusion in the literature should be eliminated and the process should be launched correctly. It should be emphasized that the promised project is aimed at preventing the loss of life and property, and progress should be made.