Evaluation of the effects of electromagnetic field and ceramic-coated magnetic nanoparticles on the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells

In this thesis study, the differentiation capacity of adipose stem cells was investigated by using magnetic nanoparticles and low frequency pulsed magnetic field as a new approach to bone regeneration. For this purpose, silica-coated and aminosilane modified nanoparticles were synthesized and applied to adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells together with a low-frequency magnetic field, and their effects on cells were investigated. In the first stage of the study, synthesis of MNP, S-MNP, IS-MNP, A-MNP and AIS-MNP was performed. TEM was used to examine the morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles, and XRD, XPS, VSM, FTIR and zeta potential analyzes were performed to examine their chemical and magnetic structures. While in vitro cytotoxicity tests were performed to find the appropriate dose rate and use in biological applications, TEM analyzes were performed to determine the interaction of nanoparticles with the cell. The applied doses of the synthesized magnetic nanoparticles were found to be non-cytotoxic, and the nanoparticles were dispersed in the medium and interacted with the cells. In the second part of the thesis study, a 1.3 mT 15 Hz low-frequency pulsed magnetic field was applied to the cells containing nanoparticles for 3 hours every day for 20 days. MTT for cell viability after electromagnetic field, hematoxylin & eosin for cell morphology, ALP for cell differentiation studies, alizarin red and calcium deposition analyzes were performed. This thesis study has shown that individual magnetic nanoparticles and electromagnetic field push adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to differentiation, and their use together creates a more effective method.