Intraoperative evaluation of cardiac tissue perfusion before and after bypass in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with near infrared spectroscopy

RARED SPECTROSCOPY Aim: Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in developed countries. Coronary artery bypass graft operation (KABG) is the most common major operation performed in developed countries and is performed on approximately 1 million patients worldwide and approximately 70 thousand patients in our country every year. Graft failure is one of the most serious complications of KABG surgery. It is vital to evaluate graft patency intraoperatively. Our aim in the study is to propose an up-to-date, reliable, inexpensive and easyto-apply method for intraoperative anastomosis evaluation. Patients and Method: The study included 69 patients, aged 18-80, who underwent coronary bypass and valve surgery in our clinic between January 2022 and March 2024. Coronary artery bypass surgery was performed in 59 of the patients and valve surgery was performed in 10 patients. Intraoperative cardiac tissue saturation data of these two patient groups were evaluated and compared. Results: Based on the statistical evaluation results, the change between two measurements in KABG patients is significant (z=-6.680, p<0.001). After bypass, the Right Ventricle measurement value increased significantly in all 59 patients in the KABG group. In the control group, Valve patients, the change in Right Ventricle measurement values between the two measurements is not statistically significant (z = -0.889, p = 0.374). Similarly, analysis was performed within the scope of Left Ventricle measurements. According to the analysis results, while the post-bypass measurement values increased significantly in patients in the KABG group (z=-6.680, p<0.001) compared to the pre-bypass measurement values, the change in valve replacement patients was not found to be significant (z=-0.408, p<0.683). Conclusion: As a result of our analysis, a statistically significant increase was observed in the values obtained by spectroscopy in bypass cases. As we expected, no significant difference was detected in cardiac tissue saturation values in valve patients. As a result, we believe that the spectroscopy method we presented in our study is a promising method in intraoperative anastomosis evaluation. Key words: Coronary artery disease, KABG, Bypass.