Jews in the period of the Qur'an

The verses about the Jews were analyzed within the framework of the Makki and Madani surahs, based on the order of revelation of the suras. The Jews, who are given a limited place in the Makki surahs, are given a large place in the Madani suras. While there is no direct address in the Makki suras, the addressee capacity is used in the form of "O Children of Israel, O People of the Book" in Madani suras. Meccan suras contain information about revelation, that the Quran is based on the same source as previous revelations, and that the Quran confirms the Torah. Of the Jews, St. It is reported that there are people who believe in and testify to the revelation revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), as well as those who doubt and deny the revelation. The Sabbath, which is related to the Jewish perception of deity, is rejected. In the verses that were revealed just before the migration to Medina, it is ordered that the struggle against the People of the Book should be done in the best way possible. Since there are Jewish tribes in Medina, they are involved in many issues in daily life. That's why They argued with the Hz. Prophet (pbuh) on many issues. Therefore, in the Madani suras, the majority of the subjects related to the Jews have a negative character. Issues such as the grudge and enmity of the Jews towards Muslims, the Muslims' solidarity with their enemies, and their disregard for the orders and prohibitions of Islam are intense. In some verses about Jews, positive statements are made or exceptions are made and a small number of people are reported to be on the right path. There are many narrations in the tafsir that these people were Abdullah b. Selam and her friends, who accepted Islam. From the first to the last suras in the order of revelation, it is reported from time to time that the Jews are not the representatives of the Islamic path and that they have lost their qualifications to be on the right path. Key Words: People of the Book, Jew, Makki Surah, Madani Surah, Revalation order