The main causes of economic underdevelopment of the Middle East

The Middle East is the main source of oil reserves. In reality, the region consists of different countries with widely divergent economic structure and development, ranging from the oil Gulf monarchies, which have highest levels of national income to the poor countries like Yemen. Since the Second World War, the region's economic performance has been below its potential. According to the growth rate, the region's economic performance was relatively weak, and other indicators show that this region is an underdeveloped region. After the Second World War, the Middle East countries, with the exception of Israel and Turkey, lost their valuable opportunities for economic development. The research reveals and examines the obstacles and difficulties that the region faces in development. Why has this region lost so many opportunities? What is the main factor of underdevelopment of this region? Why both countries Israel and Turkey have a good record in economic development but other countries not? What is the main political, economic and cultural obstacles in which affect the economics of the region? What is the good development strategy for the region? The thesis explains the main factors of underdeveloped for Middle Eastern countries. The main factors investigated in this thesis are rentier state, the weakness of private sector and large public sector, political instability from oriental despotism and autocratic regime, and domination of religious worldwide.