Determination of biochemical effects of naringin and naringenin flavonoids against malathion toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture

In this study, the effects of naringin and naringenin flavonoids against malation toxicity on Saccharomyces cerevisiae L were investigated. Malation is an insecticide that is chemically composed of a group of organophosphate compounds. Insecticide derivatives containing malation are used against harmful insects both in the vicinity of habitats and against harmful insects in agricultural areas. S. cerevisiae is the best cell model used in molecular, biochemical and genetic studies. Endogenous antioxidants in antioxidants are mainly vitamins and flavonoids. Naringine and naringenine are molecules in flavonoids. In a large number of in vitro studies, it has been determined that naringin and naringenin have anticancer, superoxide scavenging and antimicrobial effects. In this study, fatty acid, vitamin, glutathione and MDA levels on cell pellets were examined at the end of malation application in low (40 mg) medium (80 mg) and high (160 mg) cultures of S. cerevisiae cultures. As a result of application of malathion and flavonoids, the fatty acid content of the yeast cells was different according to their doses. The palmitic (16: 0) and stearic (18: 0) acids were partially reduced (p <0,05) in the fatty acid composition of the group given 40 mg malation and increased in malation and naringenin group. Malation also increased the amount of linoleic acid, affecting the Delta 12 desaturase enzyme activity. It was determined that palmitic acid (16: 0), palmitoleic acid (16: 1 n-7), 18: 0, 18: 1 n-9 and 18: 2 n-6 levels were affected in medium and high dose groups. There were differences in the components such as vitamin E, ergosterol and stigmasterol according to the doses administered. In addition, malathion increased MDA level and low and medium dose increased glutathione (GSH) levels. Total protein amount was also found to be higher than control group. According to the results obtained, it was observed that naringin flavonoid was more effective than naringenin. In vitro study, it was determined that naringin against DPPH radical had more cleaning effect.