Investigation of the Genotoxic Effects of MgO and CeO2 Nanoparticles and Their Ionic Forms by Drosophila with SMART Assay

Global sales of metal oxide nanoparticles (NP) grow rapidly every year. Therefore, increasing exposure of people and the environment to these NPs is an inevitable result. The investigation of positive or negative health effects that may ocur with this increased exposure is of great importance. In this study, genetic damage inducing potentials of cerium oxide (CeO2) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles and their ionic forms, have investigated by wing somatic mutation and recombination test on an in vivo test system Drosophila melanogaster. 72 ± 4 hour larvae which are trans heterozygous for both genes (mwh and flr3) were treatment for each of the four different concentrations (1, 2, 5 and 10 mM) of CeO2 and MgO NPs. Drosophila SMART is evaluated according to the loss of heterozygosity as a result of genetic changes in the wing imaginal disc cells and observation of the difference in the phenotype. As a result of the study, only the highest döşe of the CeO2 ionic form induced the total number of clones, whereas CeO2 NP treatment results inhibited total clone frequency at all doses. It has been observed that MgO NP showed positive results by increasing the total of clones at only the highest döşe in the treatment results. The MgO ionic form induced genotoxicity by increasing the total number of clones statistically compared to the control group at other doses (1, 2 and 10 mM) except 5 mM of the treatment doses.