Relation of politics with democracy and law in the Modern Age

Aim of this study is examining concept of sovereignty playing a role in the formation of the modern political sphere and political thoughts developing in this context. In its modern sense, politics shows a tendency to separate off from moral and religious judgments. Therefore, the political one required to be dealt based upon concrete and immanent power relations. In this study, while displaying active role of concept of sovereignty in the formation of the modern political sphere, substantial conditions of historical development is also dealt. Likewise sovereignty determines political unity and social order as much as modern political sphere by means of both its conceptual development and historical facts corresponding this development. At this point, this study discusses model of parliamentary democracy and modern thought of law on the track of course of sovereignty. Sovereignty theories developed by the philosophers like Bodin, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau influenced conceptions of modern democracy and law deeply. Hence, in this study, most particularly juridical conceptions focused in its relation to way of juridical thinking. Likewise, law has been a dominant area in the modern societies in conjunction with decline of religious and moral judgments. Acquiesced ideas like superiority of law, human rights strived at getting to the bottom. In this context, intersection points of concept of sovereignty with parliamentary democracy and modern juridical conception are tracked consistently. As from French Revolution, new developments like constituent power, constitutionalism, representative democracy, law led concept of sovereignty to settle in a more central position one more. Especially the identification of sovereignty and popular will and debates of relation between law and sovereignty continuing since Locke gained speed as a result of studies on publiclaw. Ourstudy, herein asserts that modern political sphere have narrowed due to constitutional ideas and parliamentary regimes. Our probe asserts that the period today we lived through grew up in this historicity and approaches dioristic concepts of this period like sovereignty and juridical thinking, in a critical way. Keywords: Sovereignty, Law, Parliamentarism, Political Sphere, Modernism, Liberalism, Hans Kelsen, Carl Schmitt, ConstituentPower, Constitution, Baruch Spinoza, Karl Marx, JuridicalPositivism, Tradition of Natural Law.