Mustafa Sabri's criticisms of Kant about the problem of God's existence based on the concepts of truth and reason

This thesis explores Mustafa Sabri Efendi's criticism of Kant's assertion that theoretical reason cannot prove the existence of God. The thesis aims to investigate three key questions: the motives behind Sabri Efendi's critique of Kant, the validity and effectiveness of his arguments, and the extent to which his interpretation of Kant's ideas is accurate. The thesis provides an introduction to Kant's influential project and its impact on Western thought. It examines Sabri Efendi's book Mawqif al-'Aql, summarizing his critiques of Egyptian thinkers and Kant. The second chapter explores the scientific and intellectual context of both Kant and Sabri Efendi, identifying reasons for Sabri Efendi's critique and investigating his sources of knowledge on Kant. The third chapter of the thesis thoroughly examines Kant's perspective on epistemology, particularly his argument that metaphysics cannot be considered a science. It also analyzes Sabri Efendi's thoughts on this subject and his criticisms of Kant's stance. The fourth chapter focuses on the question of whether metaphysics can solely exist as a scientific discipline within the domain of morality, as proposed by Kant. Additionally, the thesis explores Sabri Efendi's critique, which argues that relying solely on the moral argument is insufficient for proving the existence of God. In conclusion, this thesis highlights Sabri Efendi's significant criticisms of Kant, revealing the profound influence of Kant on philosophical and religious thought in the Islamic world. While Sabri Efendi presents consistent counter-arguments and significant critiques of Kant, the research indicates a potential misunderstanding of Kant's primary objective due to reliance on secondary sources rather than engaging directly with his original texts, and due to lack of a holistic understanding of Kant's project. The intellectual milieu of the time is also crucial in comprehending the reasons behind Mustafa Sabri Efendi's critique of Kant.