Properties determination of olive at different phenological periods by using optical and radar satellite images

Optical satellite images are widely used in remote sensing to detect production areas and to investigate plant development stages, the studies on determining production areas and investigation of plant development periods can be undermined when there is no satellite images at critical phenological periods due to foggy, rainy or cloudy weather. When optical satellite pictures can not be obtained, radar satellite data is an alternative option. The idea of the project is investigating different phenological stages of spectral characteristics of olive tree by using optical satellite and radar satellite data. In this study, phenological observations were made in the dates of different phenological stages in 3 olive orchards selected as material in Bursa Orhangazi and Yalova Central districts in 2017, leaf water indicators, chlorophyll content and spectral reflections were measured in these dates, multi-temporal PlanetScope, Sentinel-2 optical satellite images and statistical correlations between band values and indexes obtained from Kompsat-5, Sentinel-1 radar satellite images were determined. In addition, spectral data, band and optical satellite band values were used in the classification analysis of phenological periods. The results of the research show that, there are statistically significant but low level of coefficients of determination relationship between leaf water content and leaf water deficiency and SAR backscattering (R2=0.23, p<0.001), in terms of leaf water content, Planetscope satellite images has more reliable coeefficient of determination (R2=0.24) than Sentinel-2 images (R²=0.24), Sentinel 2 images have higher coefficient of determination on chlorophyll (R²=0.30), leaf water content can be confidentially determined by using spectrometer data(R²=0.86, RMSE=1.17, R²=0,84 RMSE=1.33) and phenological stages can be classified with high coefficient determination by using spectral data and optical band values (Entropi R²= 0.99, RMSE=0.04).