Investigation of body dysmorphic disorder in class 2 and class 3 patients planned for orthognatic surgery

Orthognathic surgery is one of the most important surgeries for the treatment of maxillomandibular deformity and asymmetries. Correction of the maxillomandibular deformity also adds an aesthetic value. Existing research has suggested that facial appearance is an important reason for patients' motivation for orthognathic surgery, and that orthognathic surgery patients have similar psychological motivations to cosmetic-aesthetic surgery patients. Body dysmorphic disorder is a distressing condition that involves preoccupation with an imaginary or exaggerated deformity. Individuals with BDD are preoccupied with one or more perceived defects in their appearance that are not observable to other people or are only mildly noticeable. Motivation of patients for orthognathic surgery and their expectations from orthognathic surgery are very important. Patients' unrealistic concerns and excessive aesthetic expectations may not satisfy the patient, even if the surgery is successful. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of BDD and its comorbidity with anxiety, depression and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in patients with Class 2 and Class 3 skeletal deformities scheduled for orthognathic surgery. As a result; A higher rate of BDD (20.4%) was observed in patients who applied to our clinic for orthognathic surgery compared to the general population. When compared according to the type of skeletal deformity, no significant difference was found between class 2 and class 3 in terms of BDD. Specific to this study, male patients had statistically higher scores for BDD, OCD, depression, anxiety and stress than females in all parameters. Considering all these, the psychological status and expectations of patients who request orthognathic surgery should be carefully evaluated before the operation. Keywords: anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder, obsession, orthognathic surgery