Retrospective evaluation of patients who underwent orthognathic surgery,analysis of complications and skeletal relapses

SUMMARYRetrospective Evaluation of Patients Who Underwent Orthognathic Surgery,Analysis of Complications and Skeletal RelapsesSagittal split ramus osteotomy and Le Fort I osteotomy are the most preffered twotechniques for the treatment of maxillomandibular deformities. Although the advancementsof these techniques in the last three decades, study to decrease the complications andrelapses are going on.We studied 29 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery to treat thedevelopmental malocclusions between 01.10.2001-01.10.2005, in the University ofÇukurova, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery. We evaluated theage, sexuality, type of occlusion, duration of preoperative orthodontic treatment, surgicaltechnique used, type of graft used, postoperative complications, nerve injuries,hospitalization time and skeletal relapses of the patients.The sephalometric analysis for every vertical and horizontal movements of themaxilla and mandible were done. The relapse after one postoperative year and the relationbetween the magnitude of surgical movement and relapse were statistically analysed.Postoperative complications and relapses were compared with the literature.We determined that, the minor complication and relapse rates were similiar to thelierature, and that our patients had no major complications. We observed that, the moststable movement was maxillary impaction (9% relapse) and the most unstable movementwas mandibular advancement (35% relapse). There was no relation between the magnitudeof surgical movement and relapse.Consequently, we believe that sagittal split ramus osteotomy and Le Fort Iosteotomy are safe procedures in the hands of experienced surgeons. Although rigidfixation with titanium plates and screws are gold standarts for these two techniques, variousdegrees of relapses are unavoidable. The best procedure to reduce the relapse rates arecombination of rijid fixation with maxillomandibular fixation, and application of graft inany case necessary.IKey Words: Malocclusion, sagittal split ramus osteotomy, Le Fort I osteotomy,relapseII