Comparative analysis of various common sleep and wakefulness measures in children with autism spectrum disorder

Objective: The aim of study is to examine the comparative effectiveness of different commonly used sleep and wakefulness scales by examining sleep-wake disorder in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Method: Groups of 155 children aged 4-18 years old diagnosed with ASD according to DSM-V and 75 typically developing children belonging to the same age group were formed. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents (ESS-CHAD), Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS), Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) and Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) were administered. A Receiver Ooperating Characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was also performed to examine the predictive power of the scales. Intergroup t test, Analysis of Variance, Cl-Square analysis and Pearson correlation test were performed. Results: When sleep-wake disorders were examined, it was shown that children with ASD experienced more problems than typically developing peers. AUC values ​​according to CSHQ were ranked from highest to lowest as SDSC (0.99), PDSS (0.98), ESS-CHAD (0.85), PSQ (0.62). Sensitivity values ​​were listed as SDSC (0.99), PDSS (0.96), ESS-CHAD (0.79) and PSQ (0.47). Specificity values ​​were listed as PDSS (1.00), ESS-CHAD (0.98), SDSC (0.98) and PSQ (0.85). PPV values ​​were ranked as PSQ (1.00), ESS-CHAD (0.993), PDSS (0.991) and SDSC (0.86). NPV values ​​were listed as ESS-CHAD (0.98), PSQ (0.93), PDSS (0.70) and SDSC (0.44). Finally, the Agreement values ​​were listed as ESS-CHAD (0.99), PSQ (0.97), ESS-CHAD (0.85) and SDSC (0.60). CSHQ α value was determined as (0.95), ESS-CHAD α value (0.66), PDSS α value (0.80), PSQ α value (0.95) and SDSC α value (0.90). Conclusion: It is seen that the use of CSHQ, ESS-CHAD, PDSS, PSQ and SDSC assessment tools together is important and shows promise for evaluating sleep-wake disorders in these populations. Key words: Autism spectrum disorder, sleep disorders, sleep, scale, child