Determination of distribution of Cd and Pb in leaves and fruit of eggplant plant and correlation with histidine

It is known that lead can cause to change of blood enzymes, hyperactivity and neurological diseases. Recently, it is said that lead has toxic effect by accumulating in the brain and to be even result in loss of IQ scores. Cadmium can cause toxic effects when taken into the body, or even up to cancer. In particular, cadmium prevents the kidneys function mechanism by accumulation in the kidneys lead to kidney damage. Except for professional intakes, lead and cadmium by people are mostly taken by foods. The histidine is an essential amino acid for the development and maintenance of all tissues in the body. It is believed histidine play a role in the accumulation of metals in plants. In the studies published, the increase in histidine concentration in plants was observed in plants that absorb toxic metals. For this purpose, in this study, Cd and Pb were investigated together with the histidine. In this study, standard solutions of Cd and Pb prepared at different concentrations were added to the irrigation water of eggplants (Solanum melongena) at regular intervals of eggplant during grown. Maturing eggplant leaves and fruit samples were collected digested using dry ashing and microwave radiation, and then Pb and Cd determinations were made. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was used for this purpose. Some samples were analyzed by ICP-MS for testing the accuracy of the results. To determine histidine in eggplants, the samples were extracted with HClO4 and were determined by HPLC. Results from the obtained findings, lead and cadmium concentrations in leaves were found in range of 0.6-0.8 and 0.2-0.3, respectively. Lead and cadmium concentrations in fruits of eggplants were found in range of 0.3-0.6 and 0.2-0.3, respectively. Histidin concentrations in the studied samples change between 4.8-8.4 ppm and a meaningful change was not observed between control and other groups. To check the validation of result, t-test was applied to the results obtained by AAS and ICP-MS for the same samples, and it was found that the results are reliable. Key words: Cadmium, Lead, Eggplant, Histidine, AAS, HPLC.