Determination of dna damage by the micronucleus test in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck,1819) exposed to perfluorooctane sulfonate

From the beginning of the history of human mankind have influence and have been influenced by his environment. Aquatic ecosystems are under great pressure in last decades. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds that are high resistant and moleculer stabilitization to environmental degradation through, physical, chemical, and biological processes. Perfluorooctane sulphonates are one of the emerging pollutants group that are used worldwide. In this study, micronucleus frequency of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) are used to determine the genotoxic impact of PFOS. For this purpose, following the exposure of mussels to were exposed to the increasing concentrations (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 mg PFOS/L) of PFOS for 30 days. According to the results of the study, it is revealed that 4 mg/L concentration of perfluorooctane sulfonate increases the genotoxic damage, and elevates the micronucleus frequency of hemolymph cells from ‰ 15,09 to ‰ 31,84. Micronucleus frequency of gill cell was found as ‰ 31,26 for 6 mg/L, which is the highest concentration level, while the micronucleus frequency was ‰ 1, 1 for the control group.