Evaluation of the effects of vitamin D on the uterus, over tissue and serum AMH level in the process of creating polycystic ovary syndrome in rats

It was aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on ovarian folliculogenesis and the changes in ovarian and uterus histology and serum AMH levels in rats during PCOS formation with DHEA. A total of 24 Wistar Albino female rats, 8-10 weeks old, weighing 180-200 grams, were used in the study. Rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups of 8 each. Group 1 (Control Group); During the experiment, 0.2 mg/100 ml/day subcutaneous sesame oil was administered. Group 2 (PCOS Group); Dehydroepiandesterone (DHEA) in 0.2ml sesame oil was administered at 6 mg/100g/day during the experiment. Group 3 (PCOS + Vitamin D Group); On the other hand, 6 mg/100 g/day DHEA in 0.2 ml sesame oil + 120 ng/100 mg/week vitamin D was administered to this group in which the effect of vitamin D was investigated in the group with PCOS. Medical agents were applied to all three groups for 21 days.The study was terminated on the 28th day. At the end of the study, rat serum AMH levels were measured. Uterus and ovary tissue were evaluated histologically. While serum AMH value was found to be higher in Group 2 compared to other groups, it was lowest in Group 3. When the mean AMH values of the groups were compared, a significant difference was found between groups 1 and 2 and between groups 2 and 3 (p 0.001 and <0.001, respectively). The number of primordial and primary follicles in the ovary tissue was similar between the groups (p>0.05). The number of secondary follicles was highest in group 2 and lowest in group 3. Significant differences were found between groups 1 and 2 and between groups 2 and 3 (p 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). The number of graaf follicles in the ovary was found to be statistically significantly higher in group 3 compared to the other groups. Graafian follicle count; significant difference was found between group 2 and 3 (p: 0.021). The number of atretic follicles in the ovary was higher in group 2 than in the other groups. When the number of atretic follicles was compared, a significant difference was found between groups 1 and 2 and between groups 2 and 3 (p values 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). In the PCOS group given vitamin D; While AMH levels and the number of primordial and primary follicles in ovarian histology were not affected, the number of secondary, atretic follicles decreased, and the number of graaf follicles representing the advanced stage of folliculogenesis increased. Serum AMH levels decreased in the group given vitamin D during the PCOS formation process. Key words: AMH, DHEA, folliculogenesis, ovary, rat, polycystic ovary syndrome