The relationship between alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic liver disease with obesity, diabetes and protein malnutrition

In patients undergoing bariatric surgery, the prevalence of NAFLD ranged from 37 to 91%, with the increase in this prevalence being linearly proportional to the increase in BMI, with the presence of central obesity. Alcoholic hepatitis is due to major liver damage with inflammation and destruction of liver cells; appears more abruptly and can be very serious. Patients typically present with yellowing (jaundice), malaise, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. It is important to highlight those numerous studies have been carried out with a proteomic approach in tissue samples from animal models of obesity, which have provided relevant information to clarify the molecular mechanisms involved in this disease; however, it is necessary to consider the limitations of animal models in the interpretation of the studies and their extrapolation to obesity in humans. Finally, cirrhosis associates a significant destruction of liver cells with a marked scarring process (fibrosis) that significantly alters the architecture of the liver, compromising its functions. Initially, patients may have almost no symptoms, but if their evolution continues, they may present accumulation of fluids in the abdomen (ascites), digestive bleeding, behavioural disorders (encephalopathy) and even a liver tumor.