Relationship between hormone apelin level and some biochemical parameters in Iraqi patients with kidney disease

The kidney condition known as chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by renal impairment, gradual loss of renal function. GFR is classified into 5 stages. Studies of apelin's function in Iraqi CKD patients were very few. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to examine the relationship between the apelin hormone and many health-related variables and CKD in Iraqi patients. A case-control research was conducted from March to June 2022 at AL-Fallujah Teaching Hospital, AL-Anbar Province, Iraq, with 90 people (40 controls and 50 patients). Apelin levels in serum were significantly decreased in the CKD group than those in control group (268.98±117.36 vs 370.37±125.73 pg/mL: P= 0.002). The CKD group had high levels of urea nitrogen (101±37 mg/dL; p < .0001), creatinine (3.3±1.3 mg/dl; P< 0.0001), glucose (108±55 mg/dL; P = 0.0097), HbA1c (5.4±2.1%), K (4.9±0.82 mmol/L; P= 0.0222), and had low levels of albumin (3.0±0.7 g/dL; P= 0.042), Na (133.1±6.0 mmol/L; P< 0.001) as in comparision to the control group. According to the results of a correlation study, apelin was adversely connected with age, BMI, BUN, creatinine, K, and albumin (P< 0.05). While GFR and apelin had a positive correlation (P= 0.001). This research suggests that apelin may be a possible biomarker for assessing the severity and progression of CKD