Investigation of the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of the petals of rosa hemisphaerica, rosa villosa subsp. mollis and their natural hybrid rosa ozcelikii

RO stands out as the most promising species pharmacologically, with high phenolic content, strong antioxidant capacity, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and tumor-selective antiproliferative effects. It was concluded that RH species can be considered as a herbal source with therapeutic potential with its high flavonoid content and significant antifungal activity. Although the RV species has a more limited activity profile, its phenolic compounds are of scientific interest. These findings suggest that these Rosa species may serve as valuable resources for future pharmaceutical applications.