Increase and simulation of energy efficiency in wind energy systems

Wind occurs in the atmosphere as a result of temperature changes in the world. The rising of the heated air encountering low pressure causes the high pressure and cold air to enter the environment. In this way, while trying to equalize the air pressure in the environment, air flow emerges and wind is formed. The reason for using wind turbines is to convert this motion energy in the air into electrical energy. In this context, it is important to install wind turbines in wind-friendly areas. If wind turbines are installed in areas where the wind is insufficient, the turbine blades will not be able to create movement and electrical energy will not be produced. For this reason, the areas where the wind turbines are placed are very important for the efficient operation of the system. The level of conversion of the amount of kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy shows the efficiency of the turbine system in use. As a result of his research in 1919, Albert Betz showed that the maximum efficiency that a wind turbine can reach can be 59.6%. But this situation differs in real life. Wind Watch states that the maximum efficiency that the wind turbine can achieve is 50%. However, in a document published by the Australian government, it is stated that the maximum efficiency level that wind turbines can achieve cannot be more than 50%. Another concept related to wind energy is wind capacity. This concept expresses the value obtained as a result of the ratio of the power produced in a certain time period to the installed power of the mechanism. It is possible to say that this situation differs according to the area where the mechanism is established and the working times. Since the wind capacity is in an important position in the wind turbine mechanisms, it is important that the wind conditions are as suitable as possible. These conditions must be taken into account when installing wind turbines, otherwise problems with the efficiency of wind energy systems may be encountered. There are three other factors that affect the efficiency of wind turbine systems. These; turbine size, air density and wind speed. Wind Watch states that less than about 13.5 m/sec wind speed will generate very little energy. Open Information Extraction states that even with minimal increases in wind speed, the electrical power generated will increase significantly. This is due to the fact that the energy produced increases in direct proportion to the cube of the wind speed. In addition to all these, changes in air density also have an impact on systemic efficiency. Air density is higher at sea level and in cold areas compared to others. For this reason, the use of off-shore wind turbines is increasing day by day. The size of the wind turbines is another factor that affects the system efficiency. Wider and longer wind turbines will provide more wind power supply, and thus offer higher efficiency than ground ones. However, it should not be ignored that there will be an increase in costs as a result of enlarging the dimensions of the wind turbines. For this reason, it is necessary to take into account the financial conditions while arranging the dimensions of the turbines. Keywords: Wind, Wind Turbine, Energy Efficiency, Wind Energy