Differences between urban heat island and surface heat island terms and example of İstanbul

Cities have different heating and cooling characteristics than the natural environment due to their structures. The structure that emerged as a result of this differenced is called Urban Heat Island (UHI). UHI can be revealed as a result of the analysis of meteorological data. It is theoretically sufficient to make comparisons between urban stations and rural stations for these analyses. As a result of academic researches, the concept of Surface Heat Island (SHI) has emerged in order to define the warming and cooling character of the cities. Regardless of the main difference between the concepts of SHI and UHI, the concept of SHI has been used instead of the concept of the UHI in some publications and erroneous results have been obtained due to this usage. In order to determine the nuances between these two concepts, the results of both concepts in the Istanbul example were investigated differences were revealed through these results. In line with this purpose, the analyses obtained from the Meteorological records of Istanbul and the view obtained from Landsat 8 satellite used on open source Geographical Information Systems (GIS). During the analysis PostgreSQL, Qgis and different remote sensing softwares were used.