Investigation of heat and electricity consumption by photovoltaic panels with zero energy building approach: A shopping mall example

In this study, the affordability of heat and electricity consumption with photovoltaic panels with the zero energy building approach of VIALAND Mall, which is in operation in Eyüpsultan District of Istanbul, was examined. The world's population and its need for energy are increasing day by day, but energy sources are being depleted at the same rate. The number of shopping malls reached 446 in 2023 in our country. First of all, studies have been carried out to reduce energy demand in VIALAND Shopping Mall. The beginning of the study was the examination of the average energy consumption of the building in 2021 and 2022.Consumption was evaluated separately for stores and common areas. The building's outer wall, mechanical and electrical systems were examined. Improvements have been made in many systems, especially lighting. A suitable solar power plant design was made with the PV*SOL program on the walkable terrace roof of the facility, which is not affected by the surrounding structures in terms of location. Eight different blocks were examined separately. Suitable areas for terraces were scanned, and points where panels could not be positioned were defined as prohibited areas. Additionally, a distance of at least one meter is left from the parapets limiting the roof. As a result of the analyzes made with the help of the selected photovoltaic (PV) panel and other system elements, the obtainable solar energy-based electrical power was calculated. Thanks to additional improvements to be made by comparing the energy consumption of the facility, it has been seen that the energy needs of common areas can be met by using the PV method defined here.