The effect of irisin on mirna expressions in an in vitro model of parkinson's induced by 1-methyl 4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in SH-SY5Y cells

Background and Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the protective and therapeutic effects of irisin in an MPP+-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) model in SH-SY5Y cells. In this regard, the study aims to assess the expression profiles of microRNAs (miR-129-1-3p, miR-138-5p, miR-143-3p, and miR-182-5p) associated with the FNDC5, PGC-1α, and BDNF genes, which play significant roles in PD pathogenesis. Material and Methods: The impact of the neurotoxin MPP+ and the exercise-associated hormone irisin on the viability of SHSY-5Y cells was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide test. The expressions of miR-129-1-3p, miR-38-5p, miR-143-3p, and miR-182-5p were evaluated in SHSY-5Y cells treated with MPP+ and Irisin using RT-PCR. Results: Exposure of SHSY-5Y cells to 1500 µM MPP+ for 24 hours resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability compared to the control group. In contrast, treatment with 20 nM irisin for 48 hours did not affect cell viability. The expression of miR-129-1-3p was significantly elevated in the treatment groups compared to the disease group (p<0,05). Similarly, miR-138-5p expression was significantly increased in the post-treatment group compared to both the control and disease groups (p<0,05). The expression of miR-143-3p was significantly decreased in the disease group compared to the control group, but it was significantly increased in the pre-treatment group (p<0,05). Moreover, miR-182-5p expression was significantly elevated in the pre-treatment group compared to both the disease and control groups (p<0,05). Conclusion: In conclusion, we propose that the increased expression of miR-129-1-3p, miR-138-5p, miR-182-5p, and miR-143-3p following irisin treatment in the PH model may suppress the neurodegenerative process and positively affect gene expression related to this process. The miRNAs investigated in our study had the potential to contribute to the early diagnosis of PD. Additionally, the regulation of abnormal expression levels via exercise could serve as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of PH.