Investigation of mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of extracts obtained from Sideritis trojana Bornm. and Sideritis athoa Papanikolaou and Kokkini plants by the ames test

In this research, the mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of Sideritis trojana Bornm. and Sideritis athoa Papanikolaou & Kokkini plants (Lamiaceae) have been investigated by using short-term mutagenicity/antimutagenicity test system named Ames. In this study for testing, different extracts (chloroform, acetone, methanol and water) of plants have been obtained. 100, 20, 4, 0,8 and 0,16 mg/plate doses of extracts in mutagenicity studies and 800, 160, 32, 6,4 and 1,28 µg/plate doses in antimutagenicity studies have been used. Experiments were carried out on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 mutant strains. Mutagenic and antimutagenic potencies of plant extracts have been tested in absence or presence of S9 which contains microsomal enzymes.As a result of the mutagenicity studies in presence of S9, it has been determined that S. trojana methanol and water extracts and S. athoa methanol extract have potential mutagenic effect which can lead to base pair substitution. In antimutagenicity studies, it has been detected that S. trojana and S. athoa extracts have generally dose-dependent moderate or strong antimutagenic activity. But only, antimutagenic effect was decreased with increasing doses of S. trojana methanol extract. The highest protection in presence of S9 was observed in S. trojana chloroform and acetone extracts with inhibition percentages of 65% and 63% (at 800 µg/plate in TA98 strain), respectively.