The impact of different intrarow distances and diurnal variability as for Salvia officinalis on yield and quality under the ecological conditions of Siirt Province

In this study, the impact of different intrarow distances and diurnal variability as for Salvia officinalis on yield and quality under the ecological conditions of Siirt province was investigated. In the study, "Elif"-a type of Salvia officinalis L. was used and the experiment was carried out in the plantation established in 2017. In the experiment carried out, the parcel widths were designed to be 2.8 m, the plot lengths to be 3 m, the row range to be 70 cm, the intrarow distances to be 20, 40, 60 cm and this trial was repeated 3 times. The effect of diurnal variability on secondary metabolites was evaluated and investigated. Through monitoring the vegetation growth in Siirt conditions, it was aimed to determine the development and the most appropriate harvest time of Salvia officinalis L. (Medicinal sage), which has high commercial value and medical importance. In the study, each intrarow parcel was harvested with 4 hour intervals and at 6 different hours at 09:00, 13:00, 17:00, 21:00, 01:00 and 05:00 during the full blossoming period. Plant height, canopy diameter, branch number, leaf length, leaf width, green herb yield, drug herb yield, drug leaf yield, drug stem yield, volatile oil ratio, volatile oil yield and values of volatile oil components were examined in the harvested trial. In the experiment, while the effects of intrarow distances on plant height, canopy diameter, branch number, leaf length, leaf width, green herb yield, drug herb yield, drug leaf yield, drug stem yield, volatile oil ratio, volatile oil yield and volatile oil components were statistically found not to be significant, the effect of diurnal variability on volatile oil ratio and volatile oil components was found to be statistically significant. According to the results of the study, the plant height varied between 72.67-83.67 cm, the number of branches 11.67-15.33, the canopy diameter 69.33-78 cm, the leaf length 6.43-6.88 cm, leaf width 1.91 -2.13 cm, green herb yield 2409-2502.67 kg / daa, drog herb yield 672-677.33 kg /daa, drog leaf yield 320,33-325 kg / daa, drog stem yield 338.33-342.67 kg /daa, volatile oil rate 0.57-0.84%, volatile oil yield 2.11-2.16 L / daa. Scrutinizing volatile oil composition of Salvia officinalis L. plant in the study, the main components that came out at 6 different harvest times were found to be Thujon (7.09-31.32%), camphor (4.28-9.41%), 1.8-cineole (9.49-21.76%), Endo-borneol (5.55-9% , 21), α-Humulene (3.33-6.34%), Ortho-cymene (0.65-1.43%), Linalool (0.21-0.55%) and γ-terpinene (0% , 33-1.96). Thujon was determined to have the highest volatile oil component with an average of 22.34%. A total of 29 different volatile oil components were identified. Furthermore, it was determined that diurnal variability had a significant effect on the volatile oil ratio and quality in Siirt ecological conditions.