Researches on cicada (Klapperichicen (=Chloropsalta) viridissima (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in vineyards areas in Siirt province

This study was carried out in the vineyard areas of Siirt province in 2022 to determine the distribution, population density, damage status and critical periods for control of the harmful Grape Cicada (Klapperichicen viridissima Walk) in the vineyard areas of Siirt province. The studies were carried out in 6 districts (Center, Baykan, Kurtalan, Pervari, Şirvan and Tillo districts), 15 villages and 57 vineyards. Visual inspection method was used in the studies. In order to determine the distribution area, a general observation was made in the surveyed vineyards and a representative number of vineyards were visually inspected. Vineyards damaged by grapevine cicada adults, nymphs, nymph coats, exit holes and egg laying are considered as infected. The course and density of adult emergence were determined by counting nymph emergence holes and last-stage nymph liners during weekly checks in four districts and one vineyard in each district. To determine the damage status, vine development in vineyards with nymph damage and the infestation rate in developing vines and one-year shoots where eggs were laid were determined. The first emergence of adults, the period of maximum emergence, the swarms found in nature, the first egg and the opening periods of the first eggs were determined by the controls. As a result of the study observations in all districts and villages in Siirt province, 82% of the vineyards were found to be infected with grapevine cicada. It was determined that the population density of the pest varied from district to district and from vineyard to vineyard. The highest population density of the pest was found in the vineyard in Tillo district (29 nymph shells/shoot) and the lowest density was found in the vineyard in Kurtalan district (5 nymph shells/shoot). Egg-laying damage on shoots and shoot contamination were found to vary between 3-8%. Growth retardation, stunting, bushiness, shortening of internodes, leaf shrinkage and low yield were observed in nymph damaged vines. It was determined that nymphal damage was higher in Sinceri variety, which is a non-irrigated goble cultivated and molasses variety. It was observed that the adults emerged from the beginning of June and the maximum number of adults emerged at the end of July and the beginning of August and the adults were found in the vineyard areas until the third week of August. The first egg laying started in mid-July and continued until the end of August. It was concluded that irrigation, fertilisation, pruning and ploughing of the vineyards, ploughing the vineyard at a depth of 10-15 cm at the end of May in order to reduce the nymph population, cutting the shoots where eggs are laid from mid-July and exposing them to the sun or removing them from the vineyard will be effective in reducing the damage and density of grapevine cicada. Keywords: Damage situation, distribution, infection rate, Klapperichicen viridissima Walk, population density, vineyard