Investigation of the effect of cyclodextrin nanoparticles on HEPG-2 liver cancer cell line by proteomic studies

Proteome; derived from the combination of protein and genome words, is a word that covers all the proteins encoded by a particular genome. Proteome analysis is called proteomics. An organism has different protein expressions in different parts of the body, at different stages of the cell cycle, and in different environmental conditions. Unlike the genome, which is a stable structure and well-defined for an organism, the proteome differs from cell to cell and is in constant change through biochemical interactions in response to internal and external stimuli. Amphiphilic cyclodextrins are molecules capable of self-forming nanoparticles. Also; these molecules were found to have an apoptotic effect intrinsically on some cancer cell lines. Due to the properties it has shown, these structures have entered the literature as a drug delivery system at nano scale. In this study, the anticancer mechanism of PBO coded amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticle on HEPG-2 liver cancer cells was determined by expressional proteomic approaches. Cancer cell lines that prevent proliferation by the effect of amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles were used as treated cell lines and named as T group; the group in which the proliferation was not prevented without being treated in any way was used as the control group and was named as the C group. Cytosolic fractions were obtained from the lysate solution taken from T and C groups. In proteomic studies, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D gel electrophoresis) was performed for determination of the over or under expressed proteins belonging to T and C groups. According to the results of image analysis, the proteins found to be differentiated for T and C groups were identified by Matrix Assisted Laser Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF / TOF-MS). In this study, amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles, which are used as drug delivery systems, have been shown to be effective on liver cancer alone with changes in proteome level. In cases where amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles are used as drug delivery system in cancer treatment, the effect of the nanoparticle itself on suppressing cell proliferation should not be ignored.