International criminal liability for pollution of water resources

This dissertation examines the aspect of international criminal responsibility regarding the pollution of water resources. Water is a vital element for the continuation of life, and pollution of water sources constitutes a serious environmental threat with both local and international consequences. The study outlines the conceptual framework of the crime of polluting water resources, and elaborates on the material and mental elements constituting this crime. It also analyzes the impact of international and regional treaties concerning the protection of water resources. The role of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in adjudicating deliberate pollution of water resources is discussed, including the circumstances under which such acts could qualify as crimes against humanity, war crimes, or environmental crimes. The importance of international cooperation in combating water pollution is emphasized, and the mechanisms of international mutual legal assistance and extradition are explored. Ultimately, the study concludes that there is a pressing need for effective and binding legal regulations at the international level to protect water resources. It is also determined that current regulations do not provide sufficient deterrence against environmental crimes, thus highlighting the necessity for enhanced interstate cooperation and a more proactive application of international criminal law in the field of environmental protection. Keywords: Water Resources, Water Pollution, International Criminal Law, Environmental Crimes