Performance analysis of steel tanks filled with grain

Steel tanks and silos are preferred over reinforced concrete silos due to their advantages in rapid production and assembly. This study provides a general overview of silo types, definitions, and failures, methods of storing grain blocks, necessary equipment and devices for silos, factors affecting grain storage, construction principles of steel silos, and the loads affecting the walls and bins of cylindrical silos. A high-capacity cylindrical steel silo, classified as action class 2 according to the Eurocode- 1991-4 standard, has been modeled. Detailed load calculations were conducted in accordance with the Eurocode-1991-4 standards, considering loading, unloading, and additional loads. Static analysis was carried out using the SAP2000 software for three-dimensional finite element modeling and analysis. The results indicated that cylindrical silos experience low stress and deformation during loading and unloading. Additionally, the geometry of cylindrical silos enhances structural stability by distributing the pressure of the material inside more evenly.