The investigation on the fertilization and embryo development of albino rat fed with aquarium fishes exposured to toxicity

Due to widespread usage of the toxic substance such as heavy metals, toxic andpersistent mixture has accumulated in the food chain. The present studies were undertakento provide toxicological data on heavy metals for the purpose of clarifying target organtoxicity and risks to human health associated with ingesting contaminated foods in a ratmodel. Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu) and Cadmium (Cd), entering into aquatic system byindustrial and consurner waste, can cause contarnination of the aquatic environment. Theseheavy rnetals at concentrations far below lethal levels may still cause serious damage to thephysiological processes or tissues in fish exposed to them. Goldfısh (Carassius auratus) is acommon species in the River and widely reared as an important food fısh in many coıuntries.With a high level of tolerance against heavy rnetals, goldfish is an ideal bioindicator. Sincegill, liver, intestine, muscle and skin are the sensitive targets to heavy rnetals, theaccurnulation and histological lesions in these organs were studied.Goldfish were reared in glass aquaria containing tap water and fed with commercialfish food for the duration of the experiments. Goldfish exposed to heavy rnetals for 21 days.In each series, we used 3 aquaria similar in size for 4 groups, each in three replicates:control (top water); and 16 ppm each heavy metals. After a 21 days acclimation period, threegoldfish were put into each aquarium and fed under the same conditions for three repeatedexperiments. Rats fed diets containing these mixture of selected organs of these fishes andsupplied by drinking waters with selected heavy metals. Three male and one female rats putinto one cage for fertilization and growth effects of HMs and their offsprings for fourgeneration were examined at newborn and mature age. Animals from each group weretaken out, euthanized and then organs were removed for histological observation. Thesamples for histological observation were fixed in formaldehide for 48 hr, embedded inparaflin, sectioned into 5 um slices and stained with hematoxylin-eosin.Our results showed that all organs for goldfishes were minimaly damaged by HMs. Tocharacterize the toxicological risk associated with chemical contaminants in goldfish, amultigeneration rat reproduction was studied. pregnant rats and their offsprings wereadministered HMs following during pregnancy, lactation and maturation. Fertilization rate,growth and organs of rats were not affected from HMs.HMs are being released to the environment in wastes from their production facilities.Selecterd HMs are ubiquitous in the environment and are regarded as the most dominantcongeners present in wildlife and humans. In fishes, repeated exposure to HMs results inminimal damage. However, no toxicokinetics data are available for humans, and the actualmargin of safety may be much smaller if based on levels in critical target organs orItissues.The ultimate solution to this public health problem is elimination of theorganochlorines from the environment.Keywords: Carassius auratus, Fertilization, Heavy metal, HE, Rattus albinus.II