Investigation of the effects in turning of cryogenic cooling and minimum quantity lubrication on cutting tool wear and vibration

It is observed that the need for both production efficiency and ecological efficiency has increased significantly today, as technology development has gained momentum to meet the needs of human beings. For this reason, with the development of technology, new cooling and lubrication studies have gradually gained importance within the scope of sustainable manufacturing. In this study, dry turning which is considered as the simplest method for sustainable manufacturing, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), cryogenic cooling (Kry), and a mixture of minimum quantity lubrication and cryogenic cooling (MQL+Kry) were utilized and compared experimentally. Experiments were conducted using tungsten carbide cutting tools coated with CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) and PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) methods at 60, 90 and 120 m/min cutting speeds and 0.06, 0.09, and 0.12 mm/rev feed rates by having constant depth of cut 1 mm. A total of 72 experiments were carried out to see the effects on cutting temperature, cutting tool vibration, tool wear, surface roughness (Ra and Rz) and tool life. The experimental results showed that the MQL technique yielded 90.12% better in surface roughness than dry turning, and the MQL+Kry method showed 53.59% lower in terms of cutting zone temperature than dry turning. In addition, with the use of the MQL+Kry method, the tool life has increased six-fold compared to dry turning. Also, for both cutting tool types PVD and CVD using dry and MQL cutting conditions with increased cutting speed, the cutting zone temperature, cutting tool vibration amplitude values, surface roughness (Ra and Rz) and tool wear increased as well.