Annexin v binding detection on platelet cell membrane with piezoelectric biosensor

Platelets are blood cells that ensure hemostasis. When platelets get out of endothelium or get in interaction with another surface the coagulation cascade steps in. Form of platelets just before they expose to aggregation are so critical and they provide information on pre-apoptosis situation, which directly affects the diagnosis and treatment processes and thus the life of patient. Therefore, detection of early platelet apoptosis is of vital importance. The aim of this study is to develop a system which is capable of measuring the early platelet apoptosis and platelet activation in an accurate, fast and economic manner. To that end, after surface cleaning of piezoelectric crystals and obtaining a hydrophilic surface an extension arm was developed by sistamine and glutaraldehide immobilization. After immobilization of Annexin V which is responsible for detection of early platelet apoptosis several tests were conducted with blood concentrations with different platelet numbers. The said different concentrations are proportional to the Annexin V biosensors and the change in frequency at blood suspensions with different concentrations to the Annexin V concentration and the number of platelets; which results were also supported with AFM and SEM images. The piezoelectric biosensors newly developed provide a more accurate, economic and faster system in comparison with the existing systems.