Some problems encountered in wooden toy production in turkey and solution suggestions

The aim of this study is to determine the physical and mechanical properties of antimicrobial activities of polyurethane and water-based protective layers used in wooden toys. In addition, it is another purpose of the study to propose solutions to the problems encountered by manufacturers in the application of surface treatments. From the experimental materials; Some of the most common and disease-causing fungi in daily life (Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei), Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus feacalis, Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa); a wood of beech and sycamore, beech, birch and poplar plywood and fibreboard (MDF), which are widely used in the varnish toy industry; water based (SBV) and polyurethane based (PUV) varnishes with the addition of antimicrobial and nano color pigment (%5K) specially developed by the manufacturer were preferred. In this process, the emergence of the pandemic has increased the importance of the study. In varnishes and dyes, antimicrobial activities are used by agar well diffusion method, biofilm activities are carried out by Stepanovic et al. e, solid determination was made according to ASTM D1644-01, hardness according to ASTM D4366-16, adhesion resistance according to ASTM D4541-17 and ASTM D3359, color ASTM D2244-16, and gloss measurements according to ASTM D523-89. According to the results of the study, according to the results of antimicrobial and biofilm activity, it was determined that ultrahygienic (UH) doped varnishes and dyes provide the highest protection against bacteria, viruses and fungi. In addition, the highest values are; hardness at PUV (54 oscillation), gloss at SBV-UH (47,20 gloss), adhesion at SBV and SBV-5K (4 MPa), *L at SBV (68,2), *a at SBV-5K (57,7%), *b value at SBV-5K (40,47%); has been identified as. UH-doped varnishes and paints can be recommended for use in wooden toys as they provide the highest protection against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The use of PUV in toys that may be exposed to mechanical effects due to the highest hardness value, the use of SBV-UH in toys where brightness is important, In toys where adhesion is important, the use of SBV may be recommended.