Comparative analysis of secondary school literature textbooks in Turkey, Kazakhstan and Russia in terms of values

In this study, the values in secondary school literature textbooks in Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey are analysed and a comparative evaluation is made. The study seeks to answer two basic questions. Firstly, what are the most emphasised values in secondary literature textbooks in Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey, and what content and context are these values used? Secondly, Kazakhstan, which has common language, culture and history ties with Turkey and lived together with Russia during the Soviet period, is in a position close to the other sample countries in terms of values. Another sub-question in the context of the second question is; To what extent have Soviet influences changed after independence in terms of values in Kazakhstan? While searching for answers to these questions, content text analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The values identified in pre-1990 literature books and the values identified in today's literature textbooks are largely similar. However, the content of some values, the meanings attributed to these values and the examples given about values may vary. In the identification and classification of values, Schwartz's value classification was taken as a basis and the values identified in this context were handled under the headings of security and stimulation, self-direction, tradition, hedonism and spirituality, benevolence, conformity and universalism.