Alteration and continuity in Turkmenistan's architecture

viALTERATION AND CONTINUITY IN TURKMENISTAN?S ARCHITECTURE(Graduate MS Thesis)Hoshgeldi TAJIBAYEVGAZİ UNIVERSITYINSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYFebruary 2007ABSTRACTNations, who lived in Turkmenistan?s lands during the thousands ofyears forming cities, placed various constructions to these places.Historical events were not only reason of destruction of cities, but theyalso were reason of destruction of development. Now, their remains arevaluable tracks of material civilization and first of all, of architecturalwork. The worth of these valuable work tracks is big when we learnTurkmen nation?s historical past.?Ceytun? and ?Anev? civilizations which appeared in B.C. XII-VIIcenturies in Turkmenistan?s former lands began commencement ofarchitectural construction being tied to socio-economic and culturaldevelopment of period before Islam (Moslem). In this period appearedaccommodation house communities which formed first architecturalconstructions. The effect of neighbor civilizations and civilizations innear vicinity and the slowly pass to settled life were reason in alterationand development of buildings. During alteration appearedneighborhood groups which formed many-roomed accommodationhouse communities instead of previously one-roomed accommodationhouses. In this period when settled life reached high level terms,castles forming from many neighborhood groups developed depend onviiproducing sector which is conditioned social economic condition. Theformation of city typed castles and appearance of city civilization insouth Turkmenistan; were visible formation in architecture history andnewness in this architectural, especially it is known like so far closeapproach of urbanization to material civilization. In VII century brand-new belief and culture which began with Islam began differentrevolution in Turkmenistan?s lands. Being tied to this differentcivilization?s effect, architectural construction which continued it?salteration, Turkmenistan?s Islamic period in middle centuries, till TsaristRussian revolution which began late XIX century and beginning of XXcentury, and yet being developed by palaces, caravansaries, madrasas,mosques and other working constructions which formed many religionand social construction. The alterations in architectural advance inTsarist Russian and countries beginning the USSR term, and that timesit is continued by industrial buildings in cities, the textile industrysector and different factories. In this terms alteration in country?seconomic, material and civilization, architecture?s important features-inbasic sense appeared its city construction. The Soviet architecture inTurkmenistan in its own advance?s artistic current prior own characterto benefit from forms and methods of Middle Asia?s architecture. Inconclusion, the new architecture term of independent Turkmenistan-republic which developed in forward to direction in consequence oferratic country?s politics is owner of magnificent work of art which wasused with modern architecture?s traditional forms together. This worksof art form showcase of Independent and Neutral Turkmenistancontinuing to alter (develop).Science Code : 803. 1.100Key Words : Turkmenistan, Architecture, Alteration, Histori,ContinuityPage Number : 120Adviser : Prof. Dr. Ibrahim NUMAN