The polyol amounts and the anti-inflammatory activity of some fungi growing in Turkey

The aims of this thesis is to investigate the components of 14 naturally occurring fungal species in Turkey with HPLC, to determine the amount of polyols and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, 14 different kinds of mushrooms including wood fungus which is not used by many people, collected from different cities of Turkey, was extracted with CHCl3 / MeOH solvent system by settling under ambient conditions in the solvent and made short period of ultrasonic bath as using different methods. The components of the extracts obtained were determined qualitatively and quantitatively by the GC-MS method. Polyol amounts of all extracts were determined, the phenolics and organic acids they contained were identified and quantified. In the anti-inflammatory activity tests performed with the extracts obtained by the methods used, Phaelous schweinitzii (Fr.) Pat. (IC50: 6,6 ± 0,6) showed high anti-inflammatory activity, Leptoporus mollis (Pers.) Quél. (IC50: 14,5 ± 2,0) moderate, Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév. (IC50: 28,6 ± 0,1) and Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quél. (IC50: 40,2 ± 5,2) were found to show low anti-inflammatory activity. The major polyol found in mushrooms was determined to be xylitol, glycerol and erythritol, respectively, after mannitol. In the study, it was determined that the mushroom with the highest average amount of mannitol was Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer, the mushroom with the highest average xylitol amount was Inocutis rheades (Pers.) Fiasson & Niemelä, the mushroom with the highest average erythritol amount was Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer, and the mushroom with the highest average glycerol amount was Omphalotus olearius (DC.) Singer. It was determined that long-term soaking and short-term ultrasonic soaking in the same solvent applied on the same mushroom affected the extract and the component amounts in the extract. It was determined that 14 mushrooms grown in Turkey, which are the subject of the thesis, contain significant amounts of polyol-based substances, as well as many organic acids and phenolics that provide anti-inflammatory effects.