Measuring the amounts of some heavy metals (As, Co, Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, P, S) in the structure of sedge (Typha angustifolia L.) plant growing in the Van Lake basin in terms of environmental toxicity and evaluation of usability in polyurethane industry

In this thesis scientific study, it is aimed to determine the environmental heavy metal contamination of the reed plant (Typha angustifolia l.), which grows in abundant swamps and wetlands, especially in rural areas in the Van Lake basin and surrounding provinces, and to determine the ecological reasons affecting its concentration and toxicity, if any. In addition, its usability in the polyurethane industry as a biomass has been measured. In this context, the amounts of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, phosphorus, lead, sulfur and zinc in the stem (leaf) and flower parts of the sedge plant were measured with the ICP-OES device and compared with water and soil contamination in the region. The relationships between ecological activities carried out in the relevant area have been determined. As a result of our findings, there is arsenic heavy metal toxicity in the natural structure of water and chromium and copper toxicity in the natural structure of soil. Zinc toxicity in the soil structure occurred as a result of regional sewage treatment activities. Arsenic, cobalt, chromium and zinc toxicity has occurred within the sedge plant due to purification and transportation activities carried out in water, soil and location. Arsenic, cobalt and chromium toxicity have concentrations that require precautions. The bioindicator and hyperaccumulator plant properties of the sedge plant (Typha angustifolia L.) were confirmed, and its phytoremediation role in the location was determined. Living in a clean environment is important for all living things. The leaves and flower parts of the sedge plant were polymerized with the traditional oil bath heating method in the presence of PEG400 and glycerol in order to be an alternative and/or additive to petroleum-derived raw materials in the polyurethane industry, and 23 synthesis compounds were measured in terms of their physical and chemical properties. Usable, environmentally friendly and biodegradable copolymer(s) have been synthesized. Keywords: Biomass, Copolymer compound, Heavy metal level, Synthesis