Genotoxic effects of cypermethrin and mancozeb on Vicia faba L., Allium cepa L. and Nicotiana tabacum plants

The aim of this study to evaluate effects of Cypermethrin (insecticide) and Mancozeb WP 80 (fungucide) on Allium cepa L., Vicia faba L., Nicotiana tabacum L. plants which has putative to genotoxicological activity and can be used as common in agriculture by farmers.With this purpose, Allium cepa L., Vicia faba L., Nicotiana tabacum L. plants were used for finding the genetical damages level with root tip mitotic tests and micronucleus test (MN). Basic of our research project getting knowledge from this aim, four different concentrations of both pesticides were applied to the plants with adding to the irrigation water. All of our experiments were realized under the controlled conditions in the laboratory.Cypermethrin were applied to the irrigation water of Vicia faba respectively 0,4 ml/L- 0,8 ml/L- 1,2 ml /L- 1,6 ml/L doses for 24, 48, 72, 96 hours, Mancozeb were applied to the irrigation water of Allium cepa respectively 2 g/L, 4 g/L, 6 g/L doses for 24, 48, 72 hours; and irrigation water of Nicotiana tabacum respectively 0,9 g/L - 1,8 g/L -2,7 g/L -3,6 g/L doses for 24, 48, 72, 96 hours.According to the obtained knowledges, it was observed that chromosomal anomalities has been increased depending on using dose amounts of mancozeb and cypermethrin for root tip cell test and micronucleus tests in all of the plant groups which we compared treated with control plants. We observed polarity disalignment, equatorial alignment disorders, chromosome lagging, sticness, c-mitosis, chromosomal fragments and bridge formation between these chromosomal anomalities. Mitotic index were decreased belonging to the increasing pesticide doses.In addition, it was detected that both of the pesticides have genotoxic potential on the plants with different sensitivities. It was revealed that potential effect of mancozeb increased chromosomal anomalities approximately 70% while cypermethrin increased around 50%. This results showing us that genotoxic potential of mancozeb more effective than cypermethrin on treated plants. Both of the pesticides have genotoxic potential and must carefully use by farmers, in other case ecosystem will be damage because of this kind of chemicals.