Investigation of antiproliferative and antiinflammatory effects of common and endemic species of plants

Colorectal cancer is one of common cancer types among developing countries. Excessive and longtime secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increase the oxidative damage which is the result of inflammation of gastrointestinal system and causes colon cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases. Considering great effect of eating style on formation of colon cancer and colorectal cancer, great demand for herbal source based nutrients increases day by day. Emphasis on new and economic types of plants which have anti carcinogenic effect is of great importance in new investigations. In this study, methanol and water extracts of common plants that are growing in Turkey, such as Ormosciadium aucheri, Stachys oblique, Cyclotrichium and endemic plants such as Prangos platychloena,Veronica lycica, Ajuga bombycina has been studied. Anti-proliferative effect of extracts between 10-1000 µg/ml concentrations has been investigated on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cancer cell line (Caco-2) and human colorectal cancer cell line (CCL-221). On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of plant extracts as control cells is studied on healthy human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1) cells. Cytotoxic effect of plants extracts has not been found in healthy cells. Anti-proliferative effect of all plants extracts has been determined in both cancer cell lines. The water extract of P. platychloena plant has shown the best anti proliferative effect on CCL-221 cell (%72 cell death). Secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 from cancer cell lines which has been stimulated by TNF-? is repressed by methanol and water extracts of plants. Besides determining the repression activity of all plant extracts on secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 of all cancer cell lines, it has been shown that repression level will increase as extract concentration increases. It is defined that P.platychloena water extracts of 1000 µg/ml concentration repress secretion of IL-8 (20 times) and IL-6 (32 times) in Caco-2 cancer cell line in greatest levels. A positive convolution exists between anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of all plants; the best result was obtained through the water extracts of plants along with 1000 µg/ml concentration. P. platychloena and V. Lycica which have been mentioned as the best results by HPLC, are analyzed through their flavonoids. The highest flavonoid was found in methanol extract of P. platychloena among plant extracts which has been investigated through 7 different flavonoids. High amount of Quercetin (5,25±0.04) and Kaempferol (4,02±0.02) has been determined in methanol extract of P. platychloena. P. platychloena extracts can be considered as prevention and treatment factors for bowel diseases and cancer.