Yemen krizinde ABD'nin rolü (2011-2022)

This research examines the multifaceted role of the United States in the Yemeni crisis from 2011 to 2022, with a focus on understanding American interests, relationships with conflict parties, and its overall impact on the crisis. The study is guided by four research hypotheses that seek to uncover the motivations and strategies underlying US involvement in Yemen. Drawing on the postcolonial theory as a theoretical framework, the research explores the various dimensions of the Yemeni crisis and its historical context, including the tribal conflicts, sectarian divisions, and the unity and division projects within Yemen. It analyzes the key parties involved, including local, regional, and international actors, to shed light on the complex dynamics of the conflict. The research uncovers the evolving nature of American engagement through an extensive review of historical US-Yemeni relations and an analysis of the USA's position during different periods of the crisis. It reveals the influence of US interests in combating al-Qaeda and countering Iranian expansion as significant drivers of its involvement in Yemen. Additionally, the research highlights the importance of US-Saudi alliances and the broader geopolitical landscape in shaping American actions in the region. The findings of the study validate the formulated hypotheses. It demonstrates that the United States prioritizes fighting al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP) and seeks local partners to collaborate with, supporting H1. The research confirms that US involvement in the Yemeni crisis is influenced by its interests in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states, supporting H2. Furthermore, it reveals how the United States maintains a delicate balance with the Houthis, leveraging their existence for Saudi Arabia's reliance on American protection, supporting H3. Lastly, the research confirms the US's aim to secure global navigation and trade safety, recognizing the strategic concerns regarding international shipping lanes and trade routes, supporting H4. This research provides valuable insights into the motives and actions of the United States in the Yemeni crisis, contributing to a deeper understanding of the conflict's complexities. The findings emphasize the significance of American interests, alliances, and geopolitical considerations in shaping its involvement in Yemen. The research concludes by offering recommendations for US policy, focusing on areas such as rehabilitation and support for Yemeni forces, prevention of arms smuggling, intelligence sharing, diplomatic engagement, and sustainable humanitarian assistance. These recommendations prioritize Yemeni interests and aim to promote stability, unity, and conflict resolution in Yemen.