Comparison of domestic and foreign bread wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) for grain yield and some yield components

The research was carried out in Tekirdag ecological conditions in 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 growing seasons with a total of 15 bread wheat varieties, 10 of which are domestic and 5 of which are from abroad, in a randomized block design with 3 replications. Grain yield and some yield components such as plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, spike fertility index, spike index, harvest index and thousand grain weight of bread wheat varieties included in the experiment were investigated. The differences between the averages of the cultivars and the year x cultivar interactions were found to be statistically significant at the 0.01 probability level in terms of the traits examined. While the mean differences between years were significant at the level of 0.05 for grain weight pers pike and spike index, it was significant at the level of 0.01 for other characters. Based on the data obtained from the trials carried out during two growing seasons, the averages of plant height, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, harvest index, spike index, spike fertility index, thousand grain weight and grain yield of the bread wheat varieties examined changed from 75,2 ile 97,7 cm, 8,57 ile 11,25 cm, 18,13 ile 21,95 adet, 42,9 ile 56,8 adet, 1,865 ile 2,452 g, 44,10 ile 48,90, 76,42 ile 81,41, 64,03 ile 85,25, 36,2 ile 50,5 g ve 614,7 ile 769,3 kg da-1, respectively. As a result, when the grain yield and the examined yield components are evaluated together, it was concluded that there may be varieties Glosa, Prima, NKÜ Lider, Rumeli, Orfeas and Gogas R2 bread wheat varieties have higher performance than other varieties and these are the most suitable for the bread wheat production regions of our country, especially the Thrace region. Keywords : Bread Wheat, Grain Yield, Plant Height, Spike Characters, Harvest Index, Thousand Grain Weight