Determination of yield and quality characteristics of oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes

This study was carried out to determine the yield and quality characteristics of some oat genotypes in 2022-2023 growing season under Diyarbakır ecological conditions. The study was designed as a randomised block design with 4 replications. In the study, 17 registered oat varieties (Avar, Chekota, Halkalı, Diriliş, Elmas, Fetih, Kahraman, Haskara, Kayı, Kazan, Kaymaklı, Kınalı, Manas, Kırklar, Sarı, Küçükyayla, Yeniçeri) were used as material. Number of stems per square metre, flag leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), normalised vegetation difference index (NDVI) for 3 different periods, leaf area index (LAI), panicle emergence time, plant height, panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle, number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle, grain width, grain length, grain yield, thousand kernel weight, test weight, grain protein content, grain moisture content were examined agronomically. Green forage yield, dry forage yield, crude protein content, ADF, NDF, ADP, K, Ca, Mg and P contents were analysed. Significant differences were found among oat genotypes for all traits except NDVI at tillering, grain moisture content, dry grass yield. According to the results obtained, the limits of variation for oat genotypes were 263,75 -553,25 for number of stems per square metre, 54,38-61,50 for SPAD value, 0,73-0,81 for NDVI value at tillering, 0,79-0,84 for NDVI value at emergence, 0,76-0,82 for NDVI value at heading, 0,76-0,82 for NDVI value at spike, 0,73-0,81 for NDVI value at tillering, 0,79-0,84 for NDVI value at stalk emergence, 0,76-0,82 for NDVI value at spike emergence, 0,76-0,82 for NDVI value at leaf area index,82, 4,17-6,97 for leaf area index value, 144,0-158,5 days for panicle emergence period, 104,35-127,33 cm for plant height, 17,4- 31,15 cm for panicle length, 32,45-70,28 for number of spikelets in panicle, 63,8-140,2 for number of grains in panicle, 1,90-5,23 g for grain weight in panicle, 2,62-3,83 mm for grain width, 12,49-16,43 mm for grain length, 138,64-432,75 kg/ha for grain yield, 19,18-34,01 g for thousand grain weight, 42,4-52,93 kg/hl for hectolitre weight, 14,48-17,25% for grain protein content, 5,05-6,15% for grain moisture content, 4341,00-6514,75 kg/da for green grass yield, 1871,16-2607,12 kg/da for hay yield, 7,81-10,65% for crude protein, 29,46-37,60% for ADF, 54,17-62,51% for NDF, 0,28-0,70% for ADP, 2,56-3,07% for Potassium (K), 0,16-0,50% for Calcium (Ca), 0,03-0,17% for Magnesium (Mg) and 0,36-0,41% for Phosphorus (P). According to the results obtained, Küçükyayla variety in terms of grain yield and Kayı variety in terms of forage yield were determined as recommended varieties under Diyarbakır ecological conditions.