Cytotoxic effect of zirconium oxide nanoparticles in human skin fibroblast cells and determination of the relationship between oxidative dna damage and apoptosis

Nanoparticles; It is widely used in science, technology, communications, electronics, industry, pharmacy, medicine, environment, consumer products and military fields. Until recently, little was known about whether nanoparticles had toxic or hazardous effects on human health and the environment. However, various studies have shown that exposure to some nanoparticles may cause some adverse effects in living organisms. In this study, the genotoxic, cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of 10 nm and 20 nm sizes of zirconium oxide nanoparticles on adult human skin fibroblast cells and the relationships between these effects were tested. The genotoxic effect was determined by the single cell gel electrophoresis method, the cytotoxic effect was determined by the real-time cell analysis method in the xcelligence system, and the apoptotic effect was determined by the expression study of caspase 3 and caspase 8 genes. As a result of this study, according to the data obtained from the single cell gel electrophoresis method, it was observed that there was an increase in GDI and HHY values in adult human skin fibroblast cells at the applied dose of 10 nm and 20 nm sized zirconium oxide nanoparticles, but this increase was not statistically significant. According to the data monitored for 96 hours in real-time cell analysis in the xCELLingence system, it was determined that the increase in adult human skin fibroblast cell index exposed to 10 nm and 20 nm zirconium oxide nanoparticles compared to the negative control was not statistically significant. In the gene expression study performed to determine the apoptotic effect, a decrease in the expression level of caspase 3 and caspase 8 genes was noted compared to the negative control. The decrease in caspase 3 gene activity in cells exposed to 10 nm zirconium oxide nanoparticle is statistically significant compared to the negative control (p<0,05). The decrease in caspase 8 gene activity in cells exposed to 10 nm zirconium oxide nanoparticle did not reach a statistically significant value compared to the negative control. The decrease in caspase 3 and caspase 8 gene activity in cells exposed to 20 nm zirconium oxide nanoparticles did not reach a statistically significant value compared to the negative control.