Hashiyat al-Bilbisi on the explanation of Ibn Qasim al-Ghazi on Abu Shuja (From the beginning of the Book of Purification to the chapter on Istinja') By Ismail bin Abd al-Rahman al-Balbisi al- Shafi'i (D. after the year 1179 AH) study and investigation

The research discusses the valuable heritage impact of "The footnote of Ismail bin Abd al-Rahman al-Bilbesi al-Shafi'i (d. after 1179 AH) on the explanation of Ibn Qasim al-Ghazi on the board of Abi Shuja' in Shafi'i jurisprudence (from the beginning of the book of purity to the end of the chapter on istinja')" through a comprehensive study and investigation. The research includes the statements of Shafi'i scholars regarding the eight types of pure water, the ruling on water used in utensils, the obligations of ablution, the rulings of bathing and tayammum, as well as linguistic, grammatical, and morphological issues related to the explanation. It also clarifies the purposes of Ibn Qasim al-Ghazi in his explanation. The author's approach relies on evidence from the Quran, the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace be upon him), or consensus in supporting various opinions or views. The footnote demonstrates flexibility in presenting the statements, with a well-organized and presented content, and extensive discussions on historical and natural sciences, reflecting the encyclopedic knowledge of the author. One of the remarkable features of the footnote is the author's thorough examination of matters related to purification, addressing contemporary issues and dealing with them through consultation with his mentors, studying the Islamic texts to derive correct rulings, and making independent efforts based on specific circumstances and the situation of the country. Additionally, the research reveals the diversity of the author's sources, which can be categorized into two groups: first, renowned and widely used sources of Shafi'i jurisprudence, and second, direct sources from his mentors and teachers, some of which he personally reviewed and transcribed, while others are currently rare and lost. The researcher adopted an inductive approach in extracting and attributing the statements to their respective sources. Among the key findings, the study highlights the cultural diversity of the author's sources, encompassing linguistic, grammatical, morphological, and interpretative issues, along with scientific and natural aspects. Furthermore, the footnote stands out for its numerous and varied references, along with the extensive coverage of contemporary issues, which the author addressed by consulting his mentors and engaging in independent reasoning. Keywords: Jurisprudence, Al-Bilbesi, Abi Shuja' text, Purity, Istinja'