An important turning point in the democratization process after September 12: Repealing political bans and 1987 referendum

The coup d'etat of September 12 1980 was an important milestone for the history of Turkish democracy. The military administration, which dominated the country, did not hesitate to take radical decisions for parties and politicians. The most important of the severe sanctions against politicians was the 5 and 10-year political bans imposed in line with provisional 4th article of 1982 Constitution. In addition, Law No. 2969 was another regulation that imposed some restrictions on the same politicians and reinforced the political bans. The fact that the banned politicians do not leave the political scene, that they do not remain "without a political party" despite being behind the scenes, and that the democratization process functions; caused the said bans to gradually lose their execution area. Revision of Law No. 2969 was the first defeat of political bans. The repealing of the provisional 4th article of the constitution was to be the subject of "long bargainings" and a referendum. In this context, the thesis; it includes the political bans brought by the military regime, together with all its stages. Keywords: The Coup D'etat of September 12 1980, Political Ban, 1987 Referendum, Provisional 4th Article, 2969