Coup d?état between the years 1908-1914 in the Ottoman empire and results

From its establishment to disintegration the authority of Ottoman Empire was subject to military interferences of the military from time to time. These interferences caused the formation of authority to change. The coups came true especially because of worthless of money and promotion until the Janissary Corp was abolished. The Ottoman Empire lose power in the economical, political, military, scientific and technological areas against the powerful countries as from the XIX. Century and was not able to protect its land's integrity against the attracts of powerful and imperialist countries. Because the fact that the powerful countries interfered into the affairs of Ottoman Empire, threatening the unity of the Empire by means of non-Muslim communities under the name "Reform", the intellectuals in the Ottoman Empire saw the salvation in the military interference. The yaimed to overthrow the authority and thought that the easiest way to come to power was using the military powers. This thought consequentlyled the military to be separated into sections. The main reason of the defeat in the Balkan war was separation in the military. İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti ( Union and Progress Party), which was in these activities caused the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire and Proclaimed II. Meşrutiyet (Second Constitutional Monarchy) in order to hinder the despotism. The purpose of proclamation of Second Constitutional Monarchy was enabling the Ottoman Ampere to keep its Iands. The aim of the struggle for 255 power in that time was not coming to throne as sultan but institutionalizing the council, and gain the personal rights and freedoms by means of the law. The constitutional period is a period which the demands for westernising efforts that started with the Administrative Reforms (Tanzimat) reached the peak. The Constitutional monarchy was put into force by the military and intellectuals unilaterally. By means of the Constitutional monarchy the power of military and intellectuals became so big that it affected the political decisions. The Ottoman Empire adopted the parliamentary constitutional monarchy between 1908-1914 if the Meclis-i Mebusan ( Parliament) experience is excluded. The Second Constitutional monarchy which was adopted more than the fırst one gave the signals for the fourth state and pluralism which keep the opposite parties together, With these features, period of 1908-1914 years makes a unity within itself: Union and progress Party which had a special place in the political life of the Ottoman Empire made a coupe by means of the military. The party did not come to throne directly but had a "Auditing Authority" over the government. The Union and Progress Party, which overthrew Kamil Paşa by means of the Bâb-ı Âli Raid, caused Edirne to be invaded in two months. The Union and Progress Party came to throne after Mahmut Şevket Paşa died. However, they caused the collapse of the Ottoman Empire by dragging it into the World War I. Key Words 1. Coup d?état 2. Bâb-ı Âli Raid 3. Second Constitutional Monarchy 4. Army 5. Union and Progress Party,