Identity construction in social studies curriculums from 1968 to the present

Identity is a concept that enables individuals to express themselves in many areas from past to present. While this concept was shaped around tradition and religion in the pre-modern era, it was built on the axis of liberal ideology in the modern era. With the French Revolution, the concept of identity accelerated the emergence of nation states within certain patterns. The purpose of being a good citizen and fulfilling the duties of this citizenship lies on the basis of the act of identity. One of the most important courses that provide this aim is Social Studies. Social Studies Curriculum has been prepared in accordance with the infrastructure of the identity desired to be gained in accordance with the content of the Social Studies course. Thus, the identity profiles that are desired to be created from the past to the present are used as a tool by the political power within the framework of Social Studies Curriculum. The aim of the research is to reveal the identity that is desired to be built in the Social Studies Curriculum since 1968. In addition, it is aimed to express the change and continuity that occurs from the construction of identity based on the ideologies in this process. Case study, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the research. The study group of the research consisted of 1968 (Primary School 4,5th Grade) Social Studies Curriculum, 1973 (Middle School 1,2,3rd Grade) Social Studies Curriculum, 1985 (Primary School) National History, National Geography and National Citizenship (Middle School 8th Grade). ) Curriculum, 1998 (Primary School 4,5,7th Grade) Social Studies Curriculum, 2005 (Primary School 4,5,7th Grade) Social Studies Course Curriculum, 2010 (Primary School 8th Grade) Citizenship and Democracy Education Curriculum, 2015 (Primary School 4th Grade and Secondary School 5,6,7th Grade) Social Studies Course Curriculum, 2015 (Primary School 4th Grade) Human Rights, Citizenship and Democracy Course Curriculum, 2018 (Primary School 4th Grade and Secondary School 5,6,7th Grade) Social Studies Curriculum, 2018 (Primary School 4th Grade) Human Rights, Citizenship and Democracy Teaching Program. Document analysis was used to collect data. Research data were analyzed by content analysis method. Themes were created by coding the research data. The basic framework of the study was determined as "National Identity", "Social Identity", "Individual Identity", "Political Identity", "Global Identity", "Environmental Identity" "Religious Identity" and "Digital Identity". Primary and secondary school Social Studies Curriculum data were organized under main themes by content analysis method. As a result of the research, it has been determined that eight identities formed in the light of the data obtained from the Social Studies teaching programs since 1968 are included in the programs. Among these identities, it was observed that mainly national, social and individual identities were included. It has been determined that in the Social Studies curriculum since 1968, the construction of national identity is desired to be formed on an ideological basis through history, geography and national values, the emphasis is on living together for social identity, and individual identity has increased in 2005 and after, and it has been realized on the basis of the individual's awareness of his rights and responsibilities. In addition, it has been determined that the formation of global and digital identity is supported in order to keep up with the requirements of the era in 2005 and after. The construction of global identity is shaped by supporting international relations within the scope of the ideology of power; It has been seen that the construction of digital identity is shaped on the basis of digital literacy skills in social studies education, and it is aimed to adapt to the digital age. It has been determined that the necessities of the age we live in and the ideology of power take an active part in the Social Studies curriculum in the construction of identity and are open to transformation. Keywords: Identity, Identity Construction, Social Studies, Social Studies and Citizenship Curriculum